Clearly, threats to academic freedom come in many different guises. In Europe, infringements are often subtle and insidious, though this makes them no less harmful to higher education, research and science. They may take the form of excessive regulation, top-down funding instruments or the stifling of unpopular views on campus. Moreover, these pressures are often linked to dynamics affecting university autonomy, i.e. institutions’ ability to decide on their own internal affairs. While academic freedom and university autonomy are not one and the same, they are close relatives, and when one of these key prerequisites for thriving academia is in trouble, it is rarely a good sign for the other. The EuropeanParliament launched an annual EP Academic Freedom Monitor in 2022, to help improve the promotion and protection of academicfreedom in the European Union. This report presents one of the twostudies conducted in the 2024 edition.